Silicon na ogisijeni nibintu bibiri bikwirakwizwa cyane mubutaka bwisi.Usibye gukora SiO2, bahuza kandi bagakora amabuye y'agaciro ya silikatike menshi aboneka mu gikonjo.Hariho amabuye y'agaciro arenga 800 azwi, ahwanye na kimwe cya gatatu cyubwoko bwose buzwi.Hamwe na hamwe, bagize hafi 85% yubutaka bwisi na lithosifera kuburemere.Amabuye y'agaciro ntabwo aribintu byambere bigize amabuye yaka, ubutayu, na metamorphic ariko nanone akora nkisoko yamabuye y'agaciro atari ubutare kandi budasanzwe.Ingero zirimo quartz, feldspar, kaolinite, illite, bentonite, talc, mika, asibesitosi, wollastonite, pyroxene, amphibole, kyanite, garnet, zircon, diatomite, inzoka, peridotite, andalusite, biotite, na muscovite.
1. Feldspar
◆Ibyiza bifatika: Feldspar ni minerval ikwirakwizwa kwisi.Potasiyumu ikungahaye kuri feldspar yitwa potassium feldspar.Orthoclase, microcline, na albite ni ingero za potasiyumu feldspar minerval.Feldspar yerekana imiti ihamye kandi irwanya aside, mubisanzwe biragoye kubora.Ubukomezi buri hagati ya 5.5 na 6.5, ubucucike kuva kuri 2.55 kugeza kuri 2.75, no gushonga kuva 1185 kugeza 1490°C. Bikunze kubaho hamwe na quartz, muscovite, biotite, sillimanite, garnet, hamwe na magnetite nkeya, ilmenite, na tantalite.
◆Ikoreshwa: Ikoreshwa mu gushonga ibirahuri, ibikoresho fatizo bya ceramic, glaze ceramic, ibikoresho bibisi bya emam, ifumbire ya potasiyumu, hamwe namabuye yo gushushanya hamwe namabuye y'agaciro.
◆Uburyo bwo Guhitamo: Gutoragura, gutandukanya magnetiki, flotation.
◆Itangiriro nibibaho: Biboneka muri gneisses cyangwa metneorphic metamorphic;imitsi imwe iboneka mumibiri ya granite cyangwa mafic cyangwa aho bahurira.Ahanini yibanze muri pegmatitis feldspar massifs cyangwa itandukanye ya feldspar pegmatite.
2. Kaolinite
◆Ibyiza bifatika: Kaolinite yera ni umweru ariko akenshi ifite ibara ryumutuku umutuku, umuhondo, ubururu, icyatsi, cyangwa imvi kubera umwanda.Ifite ubucucike bwa 2.61 kugeza kuri 2.68 hamwe nubukomere buri hagati ya 2 na 3. Kaolinite ikoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bya buri munsi n’inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda, ibikoresho bivunika, gukora impapuro, ubwubatsi, impuzu, reberi, plastike, imyenda, kandi nkuzuza cyangwa ibara ryera.
◆Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa mugukora imikoreshereze yubukorikori bwa buri munsi ninganda, ibikoresho byangiritse, gukora impapuro, kubaka, gutwikira, reberi, plastike, imyenda, kandi nkuzuza cyangwa pigment yera.
◆Uburyo bwo gutoranya: Itandukaniro ryumye kandi ritose, gutandukanya imbaraga, kubara, kubara imiti.
◆Itangiriro nibibaho: Byibanze byakozwe muri silika-alumina ikungahaye ku bitare byaka na metamorphic, byahinduwe nikirere cyangwa ubushyuhe buke bwo gusimbuza hydrothermal.
3. Mika
◆Ibyiza bifatika: Mika akenshi iba yera, ifite igicucu cyumuhondo werurutse, icyatsi kibisi, cyangwa imvi zijimye.Ifite ikirahure kirahure, imaragarita imeze hejuru ya clavage, hamwe nimpapuro zoroshye ariko zidakomeye.Ubukomere buri hagati ya 1 na 2 n'ubucucike kuva kuri 2,65 kugeza kuri 2.90.Mika isanga ikoreshwa mubikoresho byangiritse, ububumbyi, farashi yamashanyarazi, umusaraba, fiberglass, reberi, gukora impapuro, pigment, imiti, amavuta yo kwisiga, plastiki, kandi nkibikoresho bifasha mubukorikori bwiza.
◆Imikoreshereze: Yifashishwa mubikoresho byangiritse, ububumbyi, farashi yamashanyarazi, umusaraba, fiberglass, reberi, gukora impapuro, pigment, imiti, amavuta yo kwisiga, plastike, kandi nkibikoresho bifasha mubukorikori bwiza.
◆Uburyo bwo Guhitamo: Gutoragura, gutandukanya electrostatike, gutandukana kwa magneti.
◆Intangiriro nibibaho: Ahanini byakozwe na hydrothermal ihinduranya hagati ya acide acide yibirunga hamwe na tuffs, iboneka no muri aluminiyumu ikungahaye kuri kristaline hamwe na hydrothermal quartz.
4. Talc
◆Ibyiza byumubiri: Talc yuzuye ntabwo ifite ibara ariko akenshi igaragara nkumuhondo, icyatsi, umutuku, cyangwa umutuku kubera umwanda.Ifite ikirahure cyikirahure hamwe nuburemere bwa 1 kurwego rwa Mohs.Talc ikoreshwa cyane nkuzuza inganda zikora impapuro na reberi ndetse nkumukozi wera mu nganda z’imyenda.Ifite kandi porogaramu mububumbyi, amarangi, impuzu, plastiki, hamwe no kwisiga.
◆Imikoreshereze: Yifashishijwe nk'uwuzuza inganda zikora impapuro na reberi, nk'umukozi wera mu nganda z’imyenda, no mu bukerarugendo, amarangi, amarangi, plastike, no kwisiga.
◆Uburyo bwo gutoranya: Gutoragura, gutandukanya electrostatike, gutandukanya magneti, gutondeka neza, flotation, scrubbing.
◆Itangiriro nibibaho: Ahanini byakozwe na hydrothermal alteration na metamorphism, akenshi bifitanye isano na magnesite, inzoka, dolomite, na talc schist.
5. Muscovite
◆Ibyiza bifatika: Muscovite ni ubwoko bwa mika minerval, akenshi igaragara mweru, imvi, umuhondo, icyatsi, cyangwa igikara.Ifite ikirahure cyikirahure gifite imaragarita isa hejuru ya clavage.Muscovite ikoreshwa mu kuzimya umuriro, gusudira, inkoni zo gusudira, plastike, kubika amashanyarazi, gukora impapuro, impapuro za asifalt, reberi, pigment ya puwaro, plastike, amarangi, na reberi nkuzuza imikorere.
◆Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bizimya umuriro, inkoni zo gusudira, plastiki, kubika amashanyarazi, gukora impapuro, impapuro za asfalt, reberi, pigment ya pearl, plastike, amarangi, na reberi nk'ibyuzuza bikora.
◆Uburyo bwo gutoranya: Flotation, guhitamo umuyaga, guhitamo intoki, gukuramo, guhitamo guterana, gusya neza, gusya ultrafine, guhindura ubuso.
◆Itangiriro nibibaho: Ahanini umusaruro wibikorwa bya magmatique nigikorwa cya pegmatitike, bikunze kuboneka muri granite pegmatite na mika schist, bikunze guhuzwa na quartz, feldspar, namabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe ya radio.
Gukomeza ibisobanuro:
6. Sodalite
Sodalite ni sisitemu ya triklinike ya sisitemu, mubisanzwe kristu ya silindrike iringaniye hamwe n'imirongo ibangikanye hejuru ya kristu.Ifite urumuri rwinshi, kandi kuvunika kwerekana ikirahuri cyiza cyane.Amabara atandukanye kuva kumucyo kugeza mubururu bwijimye, icyatsi, umuhondo, imvi, umutuku, ibara, cyangwa ibara ryera-ryera.Ubukomere buri hagati ya 5.5 na 7.0, hamwe n'uburemere bwihariye bwa 3.53 kugeza 3.65.Amabuye y'agaciro ni sodalite hamwe na silika nkeya, hamwe namabuye y'agaciro nka quartz, mika yumukara, mika ya zahabu, na chlorite.
Sodalite nigicuruzwa cya metamorphism mukarere kiboneka muri sisitemu ya kristalline na gneisses.Abaproducer bazwi kwisi barimo Ubusuwisi, Otirishiya, nibindi bihugu.Iyo ashyushye kugeza 1300°C.Aluminium irashobora kandi gukururwa.Kirisitu isobanutse yamabara meza irashobora gukoreshwa nkibuye ryamabuye y'agaciro, hamwe n'ubururu bwimbitse aribwo bukunzwe cyane.Amajyaruguru ya Carolina muri Amerika itanga ubururu bwatsi nicyatsi kibisi cyiza cya sodalite.
7.Garnet
◆Imiterere yumubiri
Mubisanzwe umukara, umuhondo, umutuku, icyatsi, nibindi.;mucyo;vitreous luster, kuvunika hamwe na resinous luster;nta gutandukanya;gukomera 5.6 ~ 7.5;ubucucike 3.5 ~ 4.2.
◆Porogaramu
Ubukomere bukabije bwa Garnet butuma bukwiranye nibikoresho byangiza;kristu nini ifite ibara ryiza nubucyo birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byamabuye y'agaciro.
◆Uburyo bwo gutandukana
Gutondeka intoki, gutandukana kwa magneti.
◆Itangiriro n'ibibaho
Garnet ikwirakwizwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye bya geologiya, ikora ubwoko butandukanye bwa garnet bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwa geologiya;calcium-aluminium garnet ikurikirana cyane cyane muri hydrothermal, amabuye ya alkaline, na pegmatite zimwe;magnesium-aluminium garnet ikorwa cyane cyane mubutare bwaka ndetse nubutare bwa metamorphic mukarere, gneisses, nubutare bwibirunga.
8.Biotite
◆Imiterere yumubiri
Biotite iboneka cyane mubutare bwa metamorphic hamwe nandi mabuye nka granite.Ibara rya biotite iratandukanye kuva umukara kugeza umukara, umutuku, cyangwa icyatsi.Ifite urumuri rwinshi, kristu ya elastike, ubukana butarenze umusumari, byoroshye gucamo ibice, kandi bifite isahani cyangwa inkingi.
◆Porogaramu
Ahanini ikoreshwa mubikoresho byubaka kurinda umuriro, gukora impapuro, impapuro za asfalt, plastiki, reberi, ibikoresho bizimya umuriro, inkoni zo gusudira, imitako, imaragarita, nizindi nganda zikora imiti.Mu myaka yashize, biotite nayo yakoreshejwe cyane mubitambaro byo gushushanya nkirangi ryamabuye nyayo.
◆Uburyo bwo gutandukana
Flotation, guhitamo umuyaga, guhitamo intoki, gukuramo, guhitamo guterana, gusya neza, gusya ultrafine, guhindura ubuso.
9.Muscovite
◆Imiterere yumubiri
Muscovite ni ubwoko bwa mika minerval mumatsinda ya mika yera, silikate ya aluminium, fer, na potasiyumu.Muscovite ifite muscovite ifite ibara ryijimye (igicucu gitandukanye cyijimye cyangwa icyatsi, nibindi) na muscovite ifite ibara ryoroshye (igicucu gitandukanye cyumuhondo werurutse).Muscovite ifite ibara ryoroshye iragaragara kandi ifite urumuri rwinshi;muscovite yijimye yijimye ni kimwe cya kabiri.Vitreous to submetallic luster, cleavage surface with the pearly luster.Amabati mato aroroshye, gukomera 2 ~ 3, uburemere bwihariye 2.70 ~ 2.85, ntibitwara.
◆Porogaramu
Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zubaka ibikoresho, inganda zishinzwe kuzimya umuriro, ibikoresho bizimya umuriro, inkoni zo gusudira, plastiki, kubika amashanyarazi, gukora impapuro, impapuro za asifalt, reberi, pigment ya puwaro, n’izindi nganda z’imiti.Ifu ya Ultrafine ikoreshwa nkuzuza imikorere ya plastiki, gutwikira, amarangi, reberi, nibindi, kugirango imbaraga zumukanishi, zongere ubukana, gufatana, kurwanya gusaza, no kurwanya ruswa.
Mu nganda, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuyikoresha no kurwanya ubushyuhe, ndetse no kurwanya aside, alkalis, compression, hamwe n’ibishishwa, ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo kubika ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi;icya kabiri ikoreshwa mugukora amashyiga, gushonga amashyiga yitanura, nibice bya mashini.
◆Uburyo bwo gutandukana
Flotation, guhitamo umuyaga, guhitamo intoki, gukuramo, guhitamo guterana, gusya neza, gusya ultrafine, guhindura ubuso.
10.Olivine
◆Imiterere yumubiri
Icyatsi cya Olive, umuhondo-icyatsi, icyatsi kibisi-icyatsi, icyatsi-umukara.Vitreous luster, ibisanzwe bisanzwe bivunika;gukomera 6.5 ~ 7.0, ubucucike 3.27 ~ 4.37.
◆Porogaramu
Ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo bya magnesium hamwe na fosifate, bikoreshwa mugukora ifumbire ya calcium-magnesium fosifate;olivine ikungahaye kuri magnesium irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bivunika;mucyo, olivine yuzuye ingano irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byamabuye y'agaciro.
◆Uburyo bwo gutandukana
Ongera uhitemo, gutandukana kwa magneti.
◆Itangiriro n'ibibaho
Ahanini byakozwe nigikorwa cya magatiki, kiboneka muri ultrabasic nubutare bwibanze, bifitanye isano na pyroxene, amphibole, magnetite, amabuye y'agaciro ya platine, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-31-2024