Bitewe n’ubucukuzi bunini bw’amabuye y’agaciro ya fer mu gihugu cyanjye, umutungo muke wacyo urimo kuba muke cyane. Kubwibyo, ibisabwa ku bikoresho byo gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro birimo kwiyongera cyane cyane ikoreshwa ry’ibikomoka ku mabuye y’agaciro bifitanye isano itaziguye n’uko umutungo w’igihugu cyanjye ukomeza kubaho. Ikibazo ni uburyo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki yo kubungabunga ingufu, kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi, no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya yatanzwe na leta, gukomeza gukoresha umutungo mu gihe kirekire, no kongera agaciro k’umutungo byabaye ikibazo gikomeye gihangayikishije inganda z’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.
Kuri ubu, ikibuga cy’indege cyo kugarura imirasire gikoreshwa mu gutandukanya imirasire y’icyuma cya ferrous metal mu gihugu cyanjye kingana na 1600Gs, kandi biragoye kugarura imirasire idakomeye ya magnetic iri mu mirasire. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hakenewe byihutirwa gukora ibikoresho byo kuvugurura imirasire bifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi bishobora kugabanya icyuma kiri mu mirasire kugira ngo umutungo w’amabuye y’agaciro ukoreshe neza ubu mu gihugu cyanjye.
Shandong Huate Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. yiyemeje gukora ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho byo kugarura imisatsi ya magnetite kuva mu 2005. Kuri ubu, umubare munini wa ferrites ukorwa nk'imashini zo kugarura imisatsi ya magnetite, kandi hakozwe urutonde rutatu. Ibikoresho bifite ibisobanuro bitandukanye byabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo kugarura imisatsi. Kugira ngo hongerwe igipimo cyo kugarura imisatsi y'ibikoresho byo kugarura imisatsi, nyuma y'iperereza ryimbitse, ibizamini byo kwerekana no gusesengura, ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bya magneti bya neodymium iron boron n'uburyo bwo kujugunya mu gace katari iy'amashanyarazi byarushijeho kunoza igipimo cyo kugarura imisatsi, kandi kujugunya biroroshye, bishobora guhaza ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa.
Imiterere n'amahame ngiro y'imashini igarura imyanda yo hagati mu kibuga ifite imbaraga za semi-magnetic
Imashini yo gukuramo imashini ikoresha ingufu za semi-magnetic dump ikoresha boron y'icyuma ya neodymium nk'ibikoresho bya rukuruzi. Ahantu ho gutandukanya hari agace gaciriritse gafite ingufu za rukuruzi n'agace gakomeye gafite ingufu za rukuruzi. Inkingi za rukuruzi zikora uburyo bwa rukuruzi bw'impeta y'uruziga. Haboneka agasanduku gashobora kuzunguruka hanze ya sisitemu ya rukuruzi. Sisitemu ya rukuruzi irahamye, igice cy'igishishwa cyinjizwa mu gishishwa, kandi uduce twa rukuruzi mu gishishwa dukomeza kwinjirwamo n'uburyo bwo kuzenguruka. Uduce twa rukuruzi dukomeza kunyerera hamwe n'izunguruka ry'agasanduku, ku buryo ibikoresho bitari rukuruzi mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi bikomeza kozwa. Igice cyo hejuru cy'iburyo cya sisitemu ya rukuruzi ya semi-annular nta mbaraga za rukuruzi kiba gifite. Iyo ibikoresho bya rukuruzi byinjiye mu gace kadafite ingufu za rukuruzi, munsi y'ibikorwa by'amazi yoza n'uburemere bw'ibikoresho, Kuramo ibikoresho mu kigega cy'amazi.
Imashini yo gukuramo imashini ikuramo imashini ifite imbaraga za semi-magnetic self-uploading tailings ifite imiterere ya disiki, kandi umubare wa disiki za magnetic ushobora kugenwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa ku bushobozi bwo gutunganya. Imiterere yayo igaragara ku Ishusho ya 1, 2, na 3. 1- frame; 2- slurry tank; 3- uburyo bwo guhindura disiki; 4- central shaft; 5- deflector; 6- collecting tray; 7- agitating block; 8- flushing pipe; 9- holding chute; 10- Reducer; 11- moteri; 12- magnetic area; 13- weak magnetic area; 14- fixed disque; 15- non-magnetic area.
Uru rubaho rukozwe mu cyuma gishongeshejwe kandi ahanini rukoreshwa mu gushyigikira umugozi wo hagati, gushyiraho sisitemu yo kohereza no gushyiraho ikigega cy'amazi.
Disiki ya rukuruzi ni imiterere ya semi-magnetic, kandi disiki ifunze yo gukusanya irashyirwa hanze, icyuma gifata amashanyarazi gishyirwa hagati y’icyuma cya rukuruzi gifite ibyiciro bibiri, kandi igice cyo hasi cya disiki ikusanya gishyirwa mu kigega cy’amazi 2.
Disiki ya rukuruzi ifite imbaraga rukuruzi zo hagati, imbaraga rukuruzi zidakomeye n'agace katari rukuruzi, kandi ishyirwa ku murongo wo hagati.
Impera ebyiri z'isafuriya yo gukusanya zirimo ibyuma byinshi biyobora bikwirakwijwe mu ishusho y'imirasire, naho ibice byinshi bikwirakwizwa ku nkengero z'inyuma bikagira ibyuma byinshi bikurura.
Kuri ubu, bimwe mu bikoresho bikungahaye mu gihugu cyanjye bikoresha imashini zigarura amasasu ya disiki zifite imbaraga zo hagati, ariko kubera ingaruka mbi zo kugabanya amasasu, ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bizasubira inyuma iyo ibikoresho bya rukuruzi byinjiye mu gace katari rukuruzi bivuye mu butaka buciriritse bwa rukuruzi, kandi disiki na scraper byangirika vuba. , Hashingiwe ku mategeko amwe n'amwe mu ikoreshwa.
Dukurikije uko ibintu bimeze haruguru, ikigo cyacu gikoresha disiki yo hagati ifite imbaraga nkeya ifite imiterere ya neodymium-iron-boron ifunze neza kugira ngo ishyirwe ku murongo wo hagati, kandi umurongo wo hagati ushyirwe ku murongo nta kuzunguruka. Isafuriya ikusanya izunguruka, igice cyo hasi cy'isafuriya ikusanya gishyirwa mu mwobo w'amazi kugira ngo gikurure ibikoresho bya rukuruzi. Moteri n'icyuma gigabanya amazi bikoreshwa mu gutwara isahani ikusanya amazi kugira ngo izunguruke, kandi ibikoresho bya rukuruzi binyuzwa mu murima wa rukuruzi wo hagati n'umurima wa rukuruzi udakomeye, hanyuma bigasohoka nyuma yo kugera ku murima utari uwa rukuruzi, ibyo bigakemura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru.
Hagati ya buri safuriya ikusanyirizwamo ibintu hashyirwamo agace k'ibikoresho, kandi ibikoresho bya rukuruzi biri ku isafuriya ikusanyirizwamo ibintu bikagezwa hasi bigasohoka binyura mu gace k'ibikoresho.
Sisitemu yo kohereza amakuru igizwe na moteri ihindura frequency, igabanya, ihuza, agakoresho ko kohereza amakuru, nibindi. Ibice byavuzwe haruguru bishyirwa ku giti cyo hagati no ku gitereko kugira ngo isahani ikusanya amakuru ikomeze kuzenguruka.
Akabati ko kugenzura gafite inverters, switch zo kugenzura n'ibindi bice kugira ngo bigenzure umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka kwa disiki ya rukuruzi igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
Sukuru ihoraho mu gace ka rukuruzi igizwe n'igice kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu cyerekezo cy'ubugari, kandi urusobe rw'amakuru rudahinduka rushyirwa hagati. Agace ka rukuruzi gakoresha amatsinda menshi ya pole magnetic hamwe na polarities zinyuranyije kugira ngo zitondekwe mu buryo butandukanye. Mu gihe cy'izunguruka ry'isafuriya ikusanya, ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bihora bigwa mu isafuriya ikusanya no mu mazi kugira ngo byozwe kandi bivemo, ku buryo ibikoresho bya rukuruzi byagaruwe bihuzwa n'imirongo isanzwe. Ugereranyije n'imashini itunganya, ubuziranenge buri hejuru kandi ingaruka zo kongera gutunganya ziba nziza kurushaho.
Agace k'ingufu gakomeye gashyirwa hagati y'umurima wa rukuruzi n'agace katari ka rukuruzi muri disiki. Iyo ibikoresho bya rukuruzi byinjiye mu gace katari ka rukuruzi, bitewe n'agace k'ingufu gakomeye gahindukamo imbaraga za rukuruzi n'agace k'ingufu gakomeye gafata imbaraga za rukuruzi gagenda kagabanuka buhoro buhoro, imyigaragambyo y'ingufu za rukuruzi igabanuka cyane. Ihindagurika ry'ibintu rireba ku gasanduku k'ibikoresho ribuza kandi kugenda inyuma kw'ibikoresho bya rukuruzi no gusohoka kw'ibikoresho, kandi rishobora gutuma ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bigenda buhoro buhoro. Bitewe n'imikorere y'imbaraga rukuruzi n'amazi yoza, gusohora ibintu vuba birakorwa.
Isahani yo gukusanya ni imiterere y’ubururu kandi ifunze neza, kandi ubuso bwo gukurura ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bugizwe n’ibikoresho bitari rukuruzi. Ku isahani yo gukusanya, icyuma giyobora gifite impande inyuma, zihengamye ku mfuruka runaka hamwe n’ubuso bw’inyuma bw’isahani yo gukusanya. Intego nyamukuru ni ukwirinda rukuruzi. Inzira y’inyuma y’ibikoresho no gusohoka kw’ibikoresho. Kugira ngo bigabanye ubushyuhe bw’amabuye y’agaciro, hateguwe uduce twinshi two gukurura ibintu byo gukurura ibintu byo gukusanya, kandi icyarimwe, ubushyuhe bw’isahani yo gukusanya buterwa n’ubushyuhe bw’amabuye y’agaciro nabwo buragabanuka.
Gukoresha mu nganda
Isesengura ry'ingaruka zo kugarura imbaraga zo hagati mu kibuga zikoresha ingufu za semi-magnetic zikora tailings.
Imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini ikora neza. Nyuma y’ibizamini byinshi byo gukora imyitozo, ibisubizo birashimishije. Ibisubizo by’ibizamini byinshi byo gukora imyitozo ni ibi bikurikira:
Binyuze mu isesengura ry'amakuru ryavuzwe haruguru:
Ingaruka zo kugarura ubuziranenge bw'ibi bikoresho: urwego rw'inyuma rugabanukaho 2.16% nyuma yo gutondeka, urwego rw'icyuma cya rukuruzi rugabanukaho 1.27% nyuma yo gutondeka, naho urwego rw'impuzandengo rw'amabuye y'agaciro yo hagati ni 26.53%. Ingaruka zo kugarura ubuziranenge ziragaragara.
Ibyiza by'isoko n'inyungu z'ubukungu
Muri iki gihe, hari ibigo byinshi byo gutandukanya ibyuma bikoresha ingufu za rukuruzi mu Bushinwa, kandi bike muri byo ni byo bikoresha imashini zikoresha ingufu za ferrite, ariko ntibikoresha imashini zikoresha imbaraga za semi-magnetic zikoresha imbaraga za semi-magnetic. Kubwibyo, isoko ni rinini. Niba 20% by'uruganda rutunganya ibyuma bya rukuruzi rushora imari muri ibi bikoresho, bibarwa hashingiwe ku mashini 300 ku mwaka n'icyitegererezo cya YCBW-15-8. Buri mashini ishobora kugarura toni 7/h z'amabuye yumye ku isaha, toni 168/h z'amabuye yumye ku munsi, n'iminsi 330 y'akazi ku mwaka, toni miliyoni 55.44 zose hamwe, na toni miliyoni 16.632 zose hamwe zasubiwemo n'ibikoresho 300. Inyungu z'ubukungu ni nyinshi, kandi ikoreshwa ry'ibi bikoresho rishobora kugabanya gusesagura umutungo munini w'amabuye y'agaciro mu gihugu buri mwaka.
Muri iki gihe, urwego rw'imitako y'amabuye y'agaciro mu gihugu cyanjye muri rusange ruri hejuru nyuma yo kuyatunganya, bigatera gusesagura umutungo mwinshi. Umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro ni wo shingiro ry'ubuzima bw'abantu n'iterambere. Ingufu zirenga 95% na 80% by'ibikoresho fatizo by'inganda mu gihugu cyanjye bikomoka mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Bitewe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye, icyifuzo cy'umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro gikomeje kwiyongera. Ku ruhande rumwe, umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro mu gihugu cyanjye urimo guhura n'igitutu gikomeye giterwa n'ubuke bukomeje kwiyongera. Umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro woroshye kuyatunganya urimo kugabanuka, kandi umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro wo hasi kandi ugoye kuyatunganya urimo guhabwa agaciro. Iterambere n'ubushakashatsi ku mashini zigarura imitako zirengeje metero 300 bigira ingaruka nziza mu kugabanya imyanda y'umutungo w'igihugu no kongera igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro. Ukurikije iterambere n'ingaruka zo kuyakoresha, byazamuye neza igipimo cyo kugarura imitako y'amabuye y'agaciro. Yujuje ibisabwa mu buryo bw'igishushanyo kandi ni umusaruro ukwiye kumenyekanishwa no gukoreshwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-12-2021