Kaolini ni amabuye y'agaciro asanzwe mu ibumba mu isi karemano. Ni amabuye y'agaciro y'ingirakamaro ku ibara ry'umweru, bityo rero, umweru ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi gikora ku gaciro ka kaolini. Hari icyuma, ibintu by'umwimerere, ibintu byijimye n'indi myanda iri muri kaolini. Iyi myanda ituma kaolini igaragara mu mabara atandukanye, ikagira ingaruka ku kwera. Bityo kaolini igomba gukuraho imyanda.
Uburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya kaolini burimo gutandukanya imbaraga zikabije, gutandukanya ingufu zidasanzwe, gutandukanya ibintu hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya rukuruzi, kuzenguruka, kuvura imiti, nibindi. Ubu buryo busanzwe bwo gutunganya kaolini ni ubu:
1. Gutandukanya imbaraga zituma imbaraga ziguruka
Uburyo bwo gutandukanya imbaraga z'uburemere BIKORESHA cyane cyane itandukaniro ry'ubucucike hagati ya gangue mineral na kaolini kugira ngo bikureho imyanda ifite ubucucike bwinshi bw'ibintu byoroheje, quartz, feldspar n'ibintu birimo icyuma, titaniyumu na manganese, kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka z'imyanda ku kwera. Ibice bikungahaye kuri centrifugal bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukuraho imyanda ifite ubucucike bwinshi. Itsinda rya hydrocyclone rishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kurangiza gukaraba no gusuzuma kaolini mu gihe cyo kuyitondekanya, ibyo bikaba bitagera gusa ku ntego yo kuyisukura no kuyikosora, ahubwo binakuraho imyanda imwe n'imwe, ifite agaciro gakomeye.
Ariko, biragoye kubona ibicuruzwa bya kaolin byujuje ibisabwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutandukanya, kandi ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa bya nyuma bigomba kuboneka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutandukanya magnetic, flotation, calcination n'ubundi buryo.
2. Gutandukanya magnetic
Amabuye hafi ya yose ya kaolini arimo ingano nto y'amabuye y'agaciro, muri rusange 0.5-3%, cyane cyane magnetite, ilmenite, siderite, pyrite n'indi myanda ivangwa n'amabara. Gutandukanya magnetic ahanini BIKORESHA itandukaniro rya magnetic hagati ya gangue mineral na kaolini kugira ngo bikureho iyo myanda ivangwa n'amabara.
Ku bijyanye na magnetite, ilmenite n'andi mabuye y'agaciro akomeye cyangwa ibyuma bivanze mu gutunganya, gukoresha uburyo bwo gutandukanya kaolini mu gutandukanya kaolini ni ingirakamaro cyane. Ku mabuye y'agaciro adakomeye, hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi: bumwe ni uguteka, ukayihindura amabuye y'agaciro akomeye ya oksidi y'icyuma, hanyuma ugatwara uburyo bwo gutandukanya kaolini; Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha uburyo bwo gutandukanya kaolini mu buryo bwa gradient gradient kugira ngo itandukanyizwe na magnetite. Kubera ko gutandukanya kaolini bidasaba gukoresha imiti ikoreshwa mu gutandukanya kaolini, ibidukikije ntibizatera umwanda, bityo mu gihe cyo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro atari icyuma hakoreshwa cyane. Uburyo bwo gutandukanya kaolini bwakemuye neza ikibazo cyo gukoresha kaolini yo mu rwego rwo hasi idakoresha agaciro k'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kubera ubwinshi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu byuma.
Ariko, biragoye kubona ibikoresho bya kaolini byo mu rwego rwo hejuru binyuze mu gutandukanya ibyuma n'amakuru gusa, kandi imiti n'ibindi bikorwa birakenewe kugira ngo icyuma kigabanuke cyane mu bikoresho bya kaolini.
3. Kureremba
Uburyo bwo kuzenguruka hakoreshejwe cyane cyane itandukaniro riri hagati y’amabuye y’agaciro ya gangue na kaolini kugira ngo havurwe imyanda myinshi mu mabuye ya kaolini n’umweru muke, kandi hagakurwaho imyanda irimo icyuma, titaniyumu na karuboni, kugira ngo hakoreshwe neza umutungo kamere wa kaolini wo hasi.
Kaolini ni amabuye y'agaciro asanzwe akoreshwa mu ibumba. Imyanda nk'icyuma na titaniyumu ikunze gushyirwa mu duce twa kaolini, bityo amabuye y'agaciro agomba gusya neza ku rugero runaka. Uburyo bwa Kaolinite bukunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bwa flotation bwa ultra fine particles flotation, uburyo bwa flotation bwa double fluid layer na selective flocculation flotation method, nibindi.
Kuziba kw'amazi bishobora kongera umweru wa kaolini, mu gihe ikibi ari uko ikenera ibinyabutabire kandi ihenda cyane, byoroshye guteza umwanda.
4. Ubuvuzi bw'imiti
Gukuraho imyanda mu buryo bwa chimique: imyanda imwe muri kaolini ishobora gushonga hakoreshejwe aside sulfurike, aside hydrochloric, aside nitrike n'ibindi bintu bikuraho imyanda. Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho hematite, limonite na siderite muri kaolini yo hasi.
Gusukura ibinyabutabire: imyanda iri muri kaolini ishobora guhindurwamo ibintu bishobora gushonga binyuze mu gusukura ibinyabutabire, bishobora kozwa no gukurwaho kugira ngo ibintu bya kaolini birusheho kwera. Ariko, gusukura ibinyabutabire birahenze kandi akenshi bikoreshwa mu gusukura ibinyabutabire bya kaolini, bikaba bisaba ko bisukurwa cyane nyuma yo kubikuraho.
Gutunganya isuku: itandukaniro riri hagati y’imyanda n’uburyo ikoreshwa mu gutunganya isuku hagati yayo na kaolini rishobora gukoreshwa mu guteka hakoreshejwe magnetization, guteka hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa guteka hakoreshejwe chlorine kugira ngo haveho imyanda nka icyuma, karuboni na sulfide muri kaolini. Ubu buryo bushobora kunoza uburyo isuku y’ibikomoka kuri kaolini ikorwamo calcium, bukongera cyane umweru wa kaolini, kandi bugatuma habaho umusaruro mwiza wa kaolini. Ariko ikibazo cyo gutunganya isuku y’ibikomoka kuri kaolini ni uko ikoreshwa ry’ingufu nyinshi, byoroshye guteza umwanda mu bidukikije.
Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rimwe biragoye kubona kaolin yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Kubwibyo, mu musaruro nyawo, turakugira inama yo guhitamo uruganda rwujuje ibisabwa mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Gukora igerageza ryo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye mu gutunganya kugira ngo wongere ubwiza bwa Kaolin.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-06-2020