Umucanga wa Quartz ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'amabuye y'agaciro mu nganda gifite akamaro kanini, harimo ibirahure, gucukura, ibumba n'ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe, ibyuma, ubwubatsi, imiti, pulasitiki, rabha, gukurura n'izindi nganda. Byongeye kandi, umucanga wa quartz wo mu rwego rwo hejuru unagira uruhare runini mu makuru y'ikoranabuhanga, fibre optique, photovoltaic n'izindi nganda, ndetse no mu nganda zo kurinda no mu gisirikare, mu kirere no mu zindi nganda. Dushobora kuvuga ko uduce duto tw'umucanga dushyigikira inganda nini. (Urusegura rukuru rwa magnetic ruhagaze neza)
Ubu, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'umucanga wa quartz uzi?
01 Umucanga wa Quartz ufite imiterere itandukanye
Ibipimo bisanzwe by'umucanga wa quartz birimo: 0.5-1mm, 1-2mm, 2-4mm, 4-8mm, 8-16mm, 16-32mm, 10-20, 20-40, 40-80, 80-120, 100-200, 200 na 325.
Umubare w'umucanga wa quartz mu by'ukuri yerekeza ku bunini bw'umucanga wa quartz cyangwa ubunini bwawo. Muri rusange, yerekeza ku gitambaro kiri mu buso bwa santimetero 1 X santimetero 1. Umubare w'imyobo y'umucanga ishobora kunyura muri icyo gitambaro usobanurwa nk'umubare w'umucanga. Uko umucanga wa quartz uba munini, ni ko umucanga wa quartz uba muto. Uko umucanga wa quartz uba muto, ni ko umucanga wa quartz uba munini.
02 Umucanga wa Quartz ufite ubuziranenge butandukanye
Muri rusange, umucanga wa quartz ushobora kwitwa umucanga wa quartz gusa iyo urimo nibura 98.5% bya silicon dioxide, mu gihe ingano iri munsi ya 98.5% muri rusange yitwa silika.
Igipimo ngenderwaho cy’Intara ya Anhui DB34/T1056-2009 “Umucanga wa Quartz” gikoreshwa ku mucanga wa quartz wo mu nganda (usibye umucanga wa silica) ukozwe mu mabuye ya quartz hakoreshejwe icyuma gisya.
Nyuma y’imyaka myinshi y’iterambere, ubu, umucanga wa quartz ukunze kugabanywamo umucanga usanzwe wa quartz, umucanga wa quartz utunganyijwe neza, umucanga wa quartz ukozwe mu buryo bwa quartz, umucanga wa quartz uvanze n’ifu ya silica mu nganda.
Umucanga usanzwe wa quartz
Muri rusange, ni ibikoresho byo kuyungurura amazi bikozwe mu mabuye karemano ya quartz nyuma yo kuyasya, kuyamesa, kuyanika no kuyasuzuma; SiO2 ≥ 90-99%, Fe2O3 ≤ 0.06-0.02%. Ibikoresho byo kuyungurura birangwa no kudakosora inguni, ubucucike bwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi za mekanike, kandi bimara igihe kirekire ku murongo w'ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu bihumanya. Ni ibikoresho byo kuyungurura amazi hakoreshejwe imiti. Bishobora gukoreshwa mu byuma, grafiti silikoni karuboni, ibirahure n'ibirahure, enamel, icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, soda ya caustic, imiti, urusaku rw'indege n'izindi nganda.
Umucanga wa quartz utunganyijwe
SiO2 ≥ 99-99.5%, Fe2O3 ≤ 0.005%, ikozwe mu mucanga wa quartz w’umwimerere mwiza, yatoranijwe neza kandi igatunganywa. Intego yayo nyamukuru ni ugukora sima na sima birwanya aside binyuze mu gukora ibirahure, ibikoresho birwanya aside, ferrosilicon ishongesha, metallurgical flux, ceramic, ibikoresho byo kwangirika, gushushanya umucanga wa quartz, nibindi. Hari igihe umucanga wa quartz utunganyijwe witwa umucanga wa quartz wogejwe aside mu nganda.
Umucanga w'ikirahure
Umucanga wa quartz ukozwe mu mabuye ya quartz yo mu rwego rwo hejuru binyuze mu buryo butandukanye. Kuri ubu, inganda ntirashyiraho igipimo cy’inganda gihuriweho ku mucanga wa quartz ukozwe mu buryo buhuriweho, kandi ibisobanuro byawo ntibirasobanutse neza, ariko muri rusange, umucanga wa quartz ukozwe mu buryo buhanitse bivuga umucanga wa quartz ufite ibipimo bya SiO2 birenga 99.95% cyangwa birenga, ibipimo bya Fe2O3 biri munsi ya 0.0001%, na Al2O3 biri munsi ya 0.01%. Umucanga wa quartz ukozwe mu buryo buhanitse ukoreshwa cyane mu masoko y’urumuri rw’amashanyarazi, itumanaho rya fibre optique, selile zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, semiconductor integrated circuits, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, indege n’izindi nganda zikora ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
Microsilica
Ifu ya silicon micro-powder ni ifu ya silicon dioxide idahumanya, idahumura kandi idahumanya ikozwe muri quartz ya crystalline, quartz ivanze n'ibindi bikoresho fatizo binyuze mu gusya, gupima neza, gukuraho umwanda, gusya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'izindi nzira. Ni ibikoresho bidakoresha ibyuma bidafite umwimerere bifite imiterere myiza nko kwirinda ubushyuhe bwinshi, gushyushya cyane, gupima buhoro buhoro no gutwara neza ubushyuhe.
Umucanga wa quartz uvanze
Umucanga wa quartz ushongeshejwe ni ikintu kidahinduka (imiterere y'ikirahure) cya SiO2. Ni ubwoko bw'ikirahure gifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira, kandi imiterere ya atome yayo ni miremire kandi idasobanutse. Yongera ubushyuhe bwayo n'ubushyuhe buke binyuze mu guhuza imiterere y'ibice bitatu. Ibikoresho bya silica byiza cyane byatoranijwe SiO2>99% bivangwa mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi cyangwa itanura rirwanya ubushyuhe ku bushyuhe bwa 1695-1720 ℃. Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa SiO2 ishonga, iri hagati ya 10 na 7th power Pa · s kuri 1900 ℃, ntibishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe gucupa. Nyuma yo gukonjesha, umubiri w'ikirahure uratunganywa, gutandukanya magnetic, gukuraho umwanda no gusuzuma kugira ngo hakorwe umucanga wa quartz ushongeshejwe ufite imiterere itandukanye n'ikoreshwa ritandukanye.
Umucanga wa quartz uvanze ufite ibyiza byo kudahindagurika neza mu bushyuhe, ubuziranenge bwinshi, imiterere ihamye ya shimi, gukwirakwira kw'uduce duto, ndetse no kwaguka k'ubushyuhe hafi ya 0. Urashobora gukoreshwa nk'umunyururu mu nganda za shimi nk'imyambaro n'imyambaro, kandi ni wo musaruro w'ingenzi mu gucukura epoxy resin, ibikoresho byo gufunga ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho byo gucukura, ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe, ikirahuri cya ceramic n'izindi nganda.
03 Umucanga wa Quartz ugamije ibintu bitandukanye
Umucanga muke w'icyuma ukoreshwa mu kirahure cya photovoltaic (cyangwa separator ya magnetic drum magnetic drum)
Ikirahure cya photovoltaic gikoreshwa muri rusange nk'agace ko gupakiramo module za photovoltaic, gahura neza n'ibidukikije byo hanze. Ingufu zacyo, imbaraga zacyo, uburyo urumuri rutanga n'ibindi bimenyetso bigira uruhare runini mu mikorere myiza no mu gihe kirekire ya module za photovoltaic. Iyoni y'icyuma iri mu mucanga wa quartz yoroshye kuyisiga irangi. Kugira ngo ikirahure cy'umwimerere gitanga urumuri rwinshi rw'izuba, ingano y'icyuma kiri mu kirahure cya photovoltaic igomba kuba iri hasi ugereranyije n'iy'ikirahure gisanzwe, kandi umucanga wa quartz ufite icyuma gito ufite ubuziranenge bwa silicon n'ubuziranenge buke ugomba gukoreshwa.
Umucanga wa quartz ukozwe mu buryo bwa "photovoltaic"
Ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zabaye icyerekezo gikunzwe cyane cyo gukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, kandi umucanga wa quartz ufite isuku nyinshi ufite akamaro kanini mu nganda zikoresha isuku. Ibikoresho bya quartz bikoreshwa mu nganda zikoresha isuku birimo ibyuma bya quartz bya ceramic bya silicon ingots z'izuba, ndetse n'ubwato bwa quartz, imiyoboro ya quartz n'udukingirizo tw'ubwato bikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza no gutwika inzira yo gukora isuku, hamwe na PECVD. Muri byo, ibyuma bya quartz bigabanyijemo ibyuma bya quartz kare bya quartz byo guhinga silicon ya polycrystalline n'ibyuma bya quartz bizengurutse byo guhinga silicon ya monocrystalline. Ni byo bikoreshwa mu gihe cy'iterambere ry'ibyuma bya silicon kandi ni ibikoresho bya quartz bikenerwa cyane mu nganda zikoresha isuku. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya quartz ni umucanga wa quartz ufite isuku nyinshi.
Umusenyi wo ku isahani
Ibuye rya Quartz rifite imiterere yo kudasaza, kudashwara, kudashyuha, kudakonja no kuramba. Rifite pulasitiki ikomeye kandi rikoreshwa cyane. Ni igicuruzwa cy'ingenzi mu mateka y'iterambere ry'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi by'ubukorano. Ryagiye rihinduka ikintu gishya gikunzwe ku isoko ry'imitako yo mu rugo kandi rikunzwe n'abaguzi. Muri rusange, 95% ~ 99% by'umusenyi wa quartz cyangwa ifu ya quartz bihuzwa kandi bigakomera hakoreshejwe resin, irangi n'ibindi bikoresho, bityo ubwiza bw'umusenyi wa quartz cyangwa ifu ya quartz bugena imikorere y'icyuma cy'amabuye cya quartz ku rugero runaka.
Ifu y'umucanga wa quartz ikoreshwa mu nganda za quartz iboneka muri rusange mu mitsi ya quartz na quartzite nziza binyuze mu gusya, gupima, gutandukanya magnetic n'izindi nzira. Ubwiza bw'ibikoresho fatizo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bwa quartz. Muri rusange, quartz ikoreshwa mu gusakara amabuye ya quartz igabanyijemo ifu nziza y'umucanga wa quartz (mesh 5-100, ikoreshwa nk'umucanga, umucanga akenshi ukenera ≥ 98% bya silikoni) n'umucanga wa quartz ukomeye (mesh 320-2500, ikoreshwa mu kuzuza no gukomeza). Hari ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho gukomera, ibara, umwanda, ubushuhe, umweru, nibindi.
Umucanga w'icyuma
Kubera ko quartz ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuriro no gukomera, kandi imikorere yayo myiza mu ikoranabuhanga ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa by'ibanze mu gukora icyuma gishongesha, ntishobora gukoreshwa gusa mu gushushanya umucanga w'ibumba gakondo, ahubwo inakoreshwa mu gukora icyuma gishongesha no mu gukora igice cy'imbere nk'umucanga wa resin n'umucanga upfutse, bityo umucanga wa quartz ukoreshwa cyane mu gukora icyuma gishongesha.
Umucanga wogejwe n'amazi: Ni umucanga mubi wo gucukurwa nyuma yo kozwa no gupimwa umucanga wa silica karemano.
Gusukura umucanga: ubwoko bw'umucanga mubi wo gucukura. Umucanga wa silica karemano warasukuwe, wozwa, ushyirwa mu byiciro kandi wumishwa, kandi igipimo cy'ibyondo kiri munsi ya 0.5%.
Umucanga wumye: Umucanga wumye ufite amazi make n'imyanda mike ukorwa hakoreshejwe amazi yo mu butaka meza nk'isoko y'amazi, nyuma yo kuyasukura inshuro eshatu n'inshuro esheshatu, hanyuma ukayumisha kuri 300 ℃ - 450 ℃. Ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora umucanga wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ndetse n'inganda zikora imiti, irangi, isya, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'izindi nganda.
Umucanga upfutse: urwego rwa resin firime rutwikiriwe na resin ya phenolic ku buso bw'umucanga wo gusukura.
Umucanga wa silica ukoreshwa mu gucukura ni 97.5% ~ 99.6% (wiyongereyeho cyangwa ukuyemo 0.5%), Fe2O3 <1%. Umucanga uraryoshye kandi usukuye, ufite ubutare bungana na <0.2 ~ 0.3%, inguni ingana na <1.35 ~ 1.47, n'ubutare bungana na <6%.
Umucanga wa Quartz ukoreshwa mu bindi bikorwa
Ibara rya Ceramic: umucanga wa quartz SiO2 ukoreshwa mu gukora Ceramic urenze 90%, Fe2O3 ∈ 0.06 ~ 0.02%, kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuriro bugera kuri 1750 ℃. Ingano y'uduce ni 1 ~ 0.005mm.
Ibikoresho birekura: SiO2 ≥ 97.5%, Al2O3 ∈ 0.7~0.3%, Fe2O3 ∈ 0.4~0.1%, H2O ≤ 0.5%, ubucucike bw'umubyimba 1.9~2.1g/m3, ubucucike bw'umubyimba 1.75~1.8g/m3, ingano y'uduce 5.1~0.021mm.
Umurima w'ibyuma:
① Umucanga urimo urubura: umucanga ufite uruziga rwiza, nta nkengero n'imfuruka, ingano y'uduce ni 0.8 ~ 1.5mm, SiO2 ＞ 98%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.72%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.18%.
② Guturika umucanga: inganda zikora imiti zikoresha guturika umucanga kugira ngo zikureho ingese. SiO2 ＞ 99.6%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.18%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.02%, ingano y'uduce 50~70 mesh, imiterere y'uduce duto, ubukana bwa Mohs 7.
Umurima ukoreshwa mu gukurura: Ibisabwa ku bwiza bw'umucanga wa quartz ukoreshwa mu gukurura ni SiO2 ＞ 98%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.94%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.24%, CaO ＜ 0.26%, n'ingano y'uduce twa 0.5 ~ 0.8mm.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-04-2023