Nk’imwe mu byuma bya kera kandi bikoreshwa cyane ku isi, ubutare bw’icyuma ni igikoresho cy’ingenzi mu gukora icyuma n’ibyuma. Muri iki gihe, umutungo w’icyuma urimo uragabanuka, urangwa n’igice kinini cy’amabuye y’agaciro adakora cyane ugereranije n’amabuye y’agaciro akungahaye, amabuye y’agaciro afitanye isano cyane, n’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro bigoye. Ubutare bukunze gukurwa mu mabuye yabwo, azwi nka hematite cyangwa magnetite, binyuze mu buryo bwitwa icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi. Intambwe zihariye zikoreshwa mu gucukura icyuma mu nganda zishobora gutandukana bitewe n’imiterere y’amabuye y’agaciro n’ibicuruzwa byifuzwa, ariko inzira rusange ikunze kuba igizwe n’ibi bikurikira:
Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro
Ibicukurwa by'icyuma bibanza kumenyekana binyuze mu bikorwa byo gushakisha. Iyo habonetse ibicukurwa bifatika, bikurwa mu butaka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucukura nko gucukura mu mwobo ufunguye cyangwa munsi y'ubutaka. Iki cyiciro cya mbere ni ingenzi kuko gitegura inzira yo gucukura ikurikiraho.
Gusya no Gusya
Hanyuma amabuye akururwa arasenywa mo uduce duto kugira ngo byorohe gukomeza kuyatunganya. Ubusanzwe kuyasya bikorwa hakoreshejwe imashini zisya imigeri cyangwa imashini zisya uduce duto, kandi kuyasya bikorwa hakoreshejwe imashini zisya zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya autogenous cyangwa imashini zisya imipira. Ubu buryo bugabanya amabuye agahinduka ifu nziza, bigatuma byoroha kuyafata no kuyatunganya mu byiciro bikurikira.
Gutandukanya rukuruzi
Ubutare bw'icyuma bukunze kuba burimo imyanda cyangwa izindi myanda zigomba gukurwaho mbere yuko zikoreshwa mu gukora icyuma n'icyuma. Gutandukanya icyuma hakoreshejwe magnetique ni uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu gutandukanya icyuma gifite magnetique n'ibindi bitari magnetique. Magneti zikomeye, nka Huate magnetiste separator, zikoreshwa mu gukurura no gutandukanya uduce tw'icyuma na gangue (ibikoresho bidakenewe). Iyi ntambwe ni ingenzi mu kunoza ubuziranenge bw'icyuma.
Inyungu
Intambwe ikurikiraho ni ugutunganya amabuye y'agaciro, aho intego ari ukongera ingano y'icyuma binyuze mu buryo butandukanye. Ubu buryo bushobora kuba burimo gukaraba, gupima no gutandukanya imbaraga z'uburemere kugira ngo haveho imyanda no kunoza ubwiza bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Inyungu zishobora kandi kuba zirimo no kuzura, aho imiti yongerwa muri ayo mabuye kugira ngo uduce tw'icyuma tureremba kandi dutandukanye n'ibindi bikoresho.
Gutera cyangwa Gutwika Ibinure
Iyo amabuye amaze gucukurwa, bishobora kuba ngombwa kuyateranya mu tunyangingo duto kugira ngo atunganywe neza. Gucukura amabuye bikubiyemo gukora utunyangingo duto tw’umuzenguruko binyuze mu gucukura amabuye y’agaciro hifashishijwe inyongeramusaruro nka limestone, bentonite, cyangwa dolomite. Gucukura amabuye y’agaciro, ku rundi ruhande, bikubiyemo gushyushya amabuye y’agaciro hamwe n’imiyoboro y’amazi n’umwuka wa coke kugira ngo habeho igice cy’umusemburo kizwi nka sinter. Izi nzira zitegura amabuye y’agaciro ku ntambwe ya nyuma yo kuyakuramo binyuze mu kunoza imiterere yayo n’imiterere yayo yo kuyakoresha.
Gushonga
Intambwe ya nyuma mu gukurura ni ugushongesha icyuma, aho ubutare bw'icyuma bushyushywa mu itanura rya blast hamwe na coke (amavuta ya karubone) na limestone (ikora nk'amazi). Ubushyuhe bwinshi bucamo ubutare bugahinduka icyuma gishongeshejwe, gikusanyirizwa hasi mu itanura, n'ibisigazwa, bikareremba hejuru bigakurwaho. Hanyuma icyuma gishongeshejwe gishyirwa mu buryo butandukanye, nk'uduti cyangwa uduce duto, hanyuma kigatunganywa kurushaho kugira ngo haboneke icyuma n'ibyuma byifuzwa.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ahantu hatandukanye ho gucukura amabuye y'agaciro n'inganda zitunganya amabuye y'agaciro bishobora kugira itandukaniro mu buryo bwihariye bukoreshwa, ariko amahame rusange aracyari amwe. Gukuramo icyuma mu mabuye y'agaciro ni inzira igoye kandi ikorwa mu ntambwe nyinshi isaba gucunga neza umutungo n'ikoranabuhanga. Gushyiramo ibikoresho bigezweho nka Huate magnet separator byongera imikorere myiza n'ubwiza bw'uburyo bwo gutandukanya amabuye y'agaciro, bigatuma umusaruro wa nyuma wujuje ibisabwa mu gukora icyuma n'icyuma.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-08-2024