01 vuga mu ncamake
Feldspar ni imwe mu mabuye y'agaciro akunze kuboneka mu gice cy'umugabane w'Afurika. Ibice byayo by'ingenzi birimo SiO22, Al2O3, K2O, Na2O n'ibindi. Irimo potasiyumu, sodiyumu, kalisiyumu n'ingano nto ya barium n'ibindi byuma bya alkali cyangwa alkaline earth metals. Nk'umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro utari uw'icyuma, imyunyungugu ya feldspar ikwirakwira cyane mu butaka, kandi ni yo myunyungugu ikora amabuye ya silicate ikwirakwira cyane uretse quartz. Hafi 60% byayo iboneka mu mabuye ya magmatic, 30% mu mabuye ya metamorphic, na 10% mu mabuye y'urutare, hamwe n'uburemere bwa 50% by'uburemere bwose bw'isi. Hariho isomorphism ikomeye mu myunyungugu ya feldspar, kandi imiterere y'imiti ikunze kugaragazwa na OrxAbyAnz(x+y+z=100), aho Or, Ab na An bihagarariye ibice bitatu bya potasiyumu feldspar, albinite na calcium feldspar, uko bikurikirana.
Ubusanzwe aho ishongesha rya feldspar riba riri hafi 1300℃, ubucucike bwaryo bukaba hafi 2.58g/cm3, Ubukana bwa Mos 6.5, uburemere bwihariye buhinduka hagati ya 2.5-3, bucika intege, burwanya gukanda, bushobora gusya neza kandi bugatera imbere, byoroshye gusya. Ituza neza mu bya shimi, irwanya ingese, uretse aside sulfurike nyinshi na aside hydrofluoric; Ifasha mu gushonga, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za ceramic n'ikirahure; Ifite igipimo gito cyo gucika intege no gucikamo ibice bibiri. Ifite urumuri rusa n'ikirahure, ariko akenshi ifite ibara ritandukanye kuko irimo imyanda. Imyunyu ngugu myinshi ya feldspar ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo mu nganda za ceramic n'ikirahure, kandi ishobora no gukoreshwa mu gutunganya ifumbire, gukoresha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa aside, fibre y'ikirahure n'izindi nganda.
Ibintu 2 bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bwa feldspar
Icya mbere ni ikintu gifite ubushobozi bwo gusiga irangi, nka Fe, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, nibindi.
Mu bihe bisanzwe, Fe na Ti ni byo bintu by'ingenzi bisiga irangi, ibindi bintu ni bike cyane, urwego rw'umweru rugira ingaruka nke.
Icyiciro cya kabiri ni amabuye yijimye, nka biotite, rutile, chlorite n'ibindi. Ingano y'amabuye yijimye mu mabuye y'agaciro ni nke, ariko igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bwa feldspar concentrate. Ubwoko bwa gatatu ni karuboni y'umwimerere irimo feldspar, ituma amabuye y'agaciro aba ibara ry'umukara n'ijimye. Akenshi, karuboni y'umwimerere biroroshye kuyikuramo ku bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi umweru wayo ntugira ingaruka nyinshi. Ibintu by'ingenzi mu bicuruzwa by'inganda ni icyuma, titaniyumu, n'icyuma, kandi ubuso bw'umusaruro buzagaragaramo utudomo tw'umukara, calcium iba nyinshi cyane, ubuso bw'umusaruro ntibungana, bityo kugira ngo ubwiza bw'amabuye maremare burusheho kuba bwiza, ikoreshwa ry'amabuye maremare, mineral yijimye na kalisiyumu bigomba kugabanuka, cyane cyane gukuraho okiside y'icyuma.
Kuba icyuma kiri muri feldspar ahanini bifite imiterere ikurikira: 1. Ni monomer cyangwa ikusanyirizo rya hematite, magnetite na limonite rifite ingano ya mm 0.1. Ni uruziga, rumeze nk'urushinge, rumeze nk'urushundura cyangwa rutameze neza, rukwirakwira cyane mu myunyungugu ya feldspar kandi rworoshye gukuraho. Icya kabiri, ubuso bwa feldspar bwandujwe na okiside y'icyuma mu buryo bwo gusohoka, cyangwa ku miyoboro, imyunyungugu n'ingingo zicikamo ibice byo gukwirakwira kwa feldspar, okiside y'icyuma ikorwa n'irangi ry'icyuma yongera cyane ingorane zo gukuraho icyuma. Icya gatatu, kibaho mu buryo bw'imyunyungugu ifite gangue, nka biotite, limonite, pyrite, ferrotitanium ore, amphibole, epidote n'ibindi.
03 Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa mu kubyaza umusaruro amabuye y'agaciro ya feldspar
Muri iki gihe, inzira nyamukuru yo gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro yo mu rugo muri rusange ni "gusya - gushyira mu byiciro - gutandukanya magnetic - guhindagurika", hakurikijwe ingano itandukanye y’amabuye y’agaciro ya feldspar n’imiterere y’amabuye y’agaciro ya gangue, hamwe no gutandukanya intoki, gukuramo amazi, gushyira mu byiciro n’ibindi bikorwa.
（1） gusya no gusya
Gusya feldspar bigabanyijemo gusya cyane no gusya neza. Amabuye menshi agomba kunyura mu nzira ebyiri zo gusya cyane no gusya neza. Gusya cyane igice kinini cy'icyuma gisya umunwa, ibikoresho byo gusya ahanini imashini isya ubwoko bw'ingufu, imashini isya ubwoko bw'ingufu, imashini isya ubwoko bw'ingufu, n'ibindi.
Gusya feldspar bigabanyijemo cyane cyane ugusya kwumye n'ugusya gutose.
Ubushobozi bwo gusya butose buri hejuru y’ubwo gusya byumye, kandi ikintu cyo "gusya cyane" nticyoroshye kugaragara. Ibikoresho byo gusya ni ahanini uruganda rw'umupira, uruganda rw'inkoni, uruganda rw'umunara, uruganda rwo gusya, uruganda ruzunguruka, uruganda rutanga umwuka, n'ibindi.
（2）Gukaraba no gukuraho uburibwe
Ubutare bwa Feldspar mu gihe cyo gukora, buzaba burimo ingano runaka y'ubutare. Gukaraba ahanini ni ukuvanaho imyanda nk'ibumba, ibyondo bito na mica muri feldspar. Gukaraba bishobora kugabanya ingano ya Fe2O3mu mabuye y'agaciro, ndetse no kunoza ingano ya K2O na Na2Gukaraba amabuye y'agaciro ni ugutandukanya amabuye y'agaciro n'ibinure by'agaciro bitewe n'amazi atemba binyuze mu kubyaza umusaruro imiterere y'uduce duto tw'ibumba, ibyondo bito na mica. Ibikoresho byo kumesa amabuye y'agaciro bikunze gukoreshwa ni imashini yo gukaraba, imashini inyeganyega n'ikigega cyo kumesa amabuye y'agaciro.
Intego nyamukuru yo gukuraho icyondo ni ugukuramo amabuye gakondo mu mabuye n'andi mabuye yo mu rwego rwo hagati rw'uburyo bwo gusya bwangiritse, no gukumira ingaruka z'ihitamo ry'ifu nyuma yaho. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo hydraulic cyclone, classifier, centrifuge na depuff.
(3) gutandukanya ingufu za rukuruzi
Dukoresheje itandukaniro rya rukuruzi hagati y’amabuye atandukanye y’agaciro, inzira yo gukuraho icyuma hakoreshejwe imbaraga za rukuruzi zo hanze yitwa gutandukanya rukuruzi. Feldspar nta rukuruzi ifite, ariko Fe2O3na mica muri feldspar bifite ingufu nke za rukuruzi, bityo iyo bikozwe mu rwego rwo gukomeza ingufu za rukuruzi zo hanze, Fe2O3, mica na feldspar birashobora gutandukana. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gutandukanya rukuruzi mu Bushinwa birimo cyane cyane imashini igabanya ingufu za rukuruzi ya rare earth roller, imashini igabanya ingufu za rukuruzi ya permanent magnet drum, imashini igabanya ingufu za rukuruzi ya wet magnetic plate, imashini igabanya ingufu za rukuruzi ya vertical ring high gradient, imashini igabanya ingufu za rukuruzi ya electromagnetic slurry high gradient na superconducting high intensity magnetic separator.
(4) kuzenguruka
Uburyo bwo gukaraba bivuze kongeramo ibikoresho byo gukosora, gukusanya, ibikoresho byo gukaraba n'ibindi bikoresho mu gishishwa cy'ibikoresho fatizo byo gusya, kugira ngo imyanda y'icyuma ifatanye n'umubyimba, bityo hamwe n'umuti w'igishishwa, hanyuma bigakurwamo hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, kugira ngo imyanda y'icyuma n'ifu y'ibikoresho fatizo bitandukanywe. Gukaraba ni uburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho imyanda ya feldspar. Ku ruhande rumwe, bishobora gukuraho imyanda nka icyuma na mica, naho ku rundi ruhande, bishobora kongera ingano ya potasiyumu na sodiyumu. Iyo imyunyu ngugu itandukanye, guhitamo ibikoresho byo gufata biratandukanye, ariko inzira yo gukaraba isubira inyuma ishobora gukoreshwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-01-2021